Vehicle speed is a major contributing factor to traffic accidents, especially
on toll roads where excessive speed often exceeds regulated limits. Accurate and
reliable speed detection technology is essential to mitigate these risks. One
approach is the use of Doppler radar systems, which detect frequency shifts caused
by moving targets. However, detecting low speeds remains a challenge due to the
small Doppler frequency shifts generated.
This study proposes a Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW)
radar system enhanced with a multipulse technique to improve the accuracy of lowspeed
detection. The multipulse method divides a single signal period into several
pulses, allowing the system to sample the Doppler spectrum more effectively and
increase resolution. Through MATLAB-based simulations, the performance of the
radar is evaluated by analyzing the Doppler spectrum results for various speeds and
angles.
The simulation shows that using multiple pulses produces sharper and more
distinct Doppler peaks, enabling more accurate speed estimation. The system
successfully detects vehicle speeds as low as 4 km/h and up to 200 km/h. The
implementation of a 60-degree incident angle is chosen for optimal radial velocity
and practical field applicability. Overall, the proposed multipulse FMCW radar
system demonstrates improved performance and potential for real-time vehicle
monitoring applications.