Rattans had many uses and acknowledged to be associated with the rural communities in Malaysia as well as all over the world where these materials are found. Lately, however, the role and importance of rattans in the daily use are decreasing swallowed by modernization. Recognizing this, various efforts are made by the scientists and researchers to find new methods to take advantage of the diversity of the uses of rattans to be at par with life today. In most aspects of rattans utilization, they are often vulnerable to the attack of microorganisms such as fungi (occurring at the level of moisture content above the fiber saturation point), insects, borers, termites, and fungi. The service lives of rattans are subjected to their biological deterioration. The durability of rattans and their products are dependent on the climatic conditions and the environment in which they are used. To overcome these problem rattans are normally oil cured in treatment tank with diesel as the heating medium in enhancing their shelf life. The handbook is divided into 16 Chapters. Chapters 1 and 2 describe the introduction and the general morphology of rattans plants. Chapter 3 discussed the various propagation techniques in rattans cultivation. Rattans cultivated in the natural forests and rattans interplanting in various trees plantations are described in Chapters 4 and 5 respectively. Chapter 6 discussed the physical and mechanical properties of rattans culms. Chapter 7 described the rattans harvesting techniques. Chapter 8 discussed on the rattans primary processing that include deglazing, oil-curing process, drying, fumigation, bleaching, and rattans grading. Chapter 9 described the techniques used in rattans treatment especially on the oil-curing process. Processing of rattans cores and skins are discussed in Chapter 10. Chapter 11 described the rattans furniture industry. Chapter 12 explained on various finishing techniques that could be applied in enhancing the appearances of the rattans products. Rattans products are described in Chapter 13. The durability is presented in Chapter 14. Chapter 15 described on the cost structure and economics aspects in setting up of the rattans-based industry. Finally, Chapter 16 gives an overall conclusion on the book of rattans. This handbook is written to provide first-hand information to the public, and the would-be investors in rattans cultivation, processing and products manufacturing.