This book covers perspectives, theory, and new materials involved in conducting polymers. It discusses history of physics and chemistry of these materials and the theory and fundamentals behind them. Finally it discusses polymer and materials chemistry, including such topics as polyacetylenes, conjugated ladder polymers, polythiophenes, conjugated polyelectrolytes, donor acceptor polymers, direct arylation, vapor phase polymerization, conjugated block copolymers, selenophenes, tellurophenes, continuous flow processing, metal and boron containing conjugated polymers, conjugated oligomers, n-type conjugated polymers, and photorefractive polymers.