The dynamics of supply chain management (SCM) has changed and accelerated
over the years; new paradigms have been added into SCM to respond to changes
based on the increasing economic, environmental, and social concerns and pressures. In today’s global and competitive environment, lean and green practices have become most important factors to enhance the companies’ performance. Lean and green manufacturing philosophy and techniques facilitate companies to improve
their business performance in terms of reducing manufacturing lead times and costs
and to improve on-time delivery and product quality, while becoming greener by
minimizing material usage and waste and applying recycling and reuse. All these
lean and green activities increase productivity, reduce carbon footprint, and enhance
customer satisfaction, which in turn make companies sustainable and competitive.