Modern science has given us the superpowers that have brought about the 'Anthropocene', but unfortunately not the wisdom to face its existential challenges. We cannot afford to dismiss potentially useful knowledge on mere ideological grounds without due assessment. Science and the Other is an in-depth exploration of what hinders us from engaging in cross-fertilising pluriversal dialogue. The book examines how scientific universalism naturalises the exploitation of both human and non-human nature. Other(-ed) knowledge practices are marginalised and excluded from scientific discourse on the presumption that they are incompatible with scientific evidence. However, an in-depth comparative analysis of the marginalised views and practices of the Brazilian Potiguara nation shows that their cosmology is not contradicted by scientific evidence, and hence a constructive dialogue should be possible. Furthermore, the use of radically different metaphors paints a different picture of 'reality', allowing onto-epistemic shifts and opening up new horizons towards alternative futures beyond the scope of modern/colonial metaphysics.